1. Under the Ryotwari Settlement of revenue collection, the peasants were exempted from revenue payment in case of bad harvests or natural calamities.
2. Under the Permanent Settlement in Bengal, if the Zamindar failed to pay his revenues to the state, on or before the fixed date, he would be removed from his Zamindari.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a). 1 only
(b). 2 only
(c). Both 1 and 2
(d). Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation:
Statement 2 is correct. Under the Permanent Settlement, Zamindars were given the right to collect revenue from peasants and pay a fixed amount to the British East India Company. If they failed to pay on time, they could lose their Zamindari.
Statement 1 is incorrect. The Ryotwari Settlement, introduced later, dealt directly with the peasants (ryots) and not the Zamindars. While there were provisions for relief in some cases, it was not a blanket exemption for bad harvests or natural calamities.
Therefore, option (b) is correct.