1. It is the Governor of the State who recognizes and declares any community of that State as a Scheduled Tribe.
2. A community declared as a Scheduled Tribe in a State need not be so in another State.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a). 1 only
(b). 2 only
(c). Both 1 and 2
(d). Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation:
Statement 1: Incorrect
The President of India, after consulting with the state governor, has the authority to declare a community as a Scheduled Tribe [Source: Constitution and official notifications regarding Scheduled Tribes]. The Governor plays a recommendatory role, not a decisive one.
Statement 2: Correct
The Scheduled Tribes are listed in the Constitution of India under the Fifth and Sixth Schedules. These schedules are specific to individual states. A community might be recognized as a Scheduled Tribe in one state based on its social and economic conditions, while not being recognized in another state where those factors might differ.
The correct statement is (b) : A community declared as a Scheduled Tribe in one state need not be considered a Scheduled Tribe in another State.