Topic wise UPSC CSE Mains Essay Questions

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Gender / Women/ Child 

1995 The New emerging woman-power:the ground realities. 

1997 Greater political power alone will not improve women's plight. 

1998 Woman is God's best creation. 

1999 Women's empowerment : Challen-ges and prospects. 

2001 Empowerment alone can not help our women.

2004 Whither Women's Emancipation?

2005 If women ruled the world. 

2006 Women Reservation Bill would usher in empowerment of women in India. 

2012 Managing work and home– is the Indian working woman getting a fair deal? 

2016 If development is not engendered, it is endangered 

2017 Fulfilment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth. 

2020 Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality 

2021 Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world. 

2022 A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities

2023 Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands two equally harmful disciplines.

Economy and Social Economic 

1994 Multinational Corporations– saviours or saboteurs.

1999 Reservations, politics and empowerment.

2005 Justice must reach the poor. 

2006 Globalisation would finish small scale industries in India. 

2007 BPO boom in India. 

2008 Special Economic Zones: Boon or Bane. 

2009 Are our traditional handicrafts doomed to a slow death? 

2009 "The focus of health care is increasingly getting skewed towards the 'haves' of our society." 

2010 Should a moratorium be imposed on all fresh mining in tribal areas of the country? 

2012 Is the criticism that the 'Public-Private-Partnership' (PPP) model for development is more of a bane than a boon in the Indian context, justified? 

2013 GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the well-being of a country. 

2014 Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country? 

2014 Tourism : Can this be the next big thing for India? 

2015 Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole.

2015 Can capitalism bring inclusive growth? 

2016 Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare 

2016 Near jobless growth in India : An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms 

2016 Digital economy : A leveller or a source of economic inequality 

2017 Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India. 

2017 Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India. 

2018 Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere. 

2019 Neglect for primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness 

2020 There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless 

2022 Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right


Politics and Administration 

1994 The Challenges before a Civil Servant Today. 

1994 Politics, Business and Bureaucracy – a fatal triangle.

1995 Politics without ethic is a disaster.

1995 Whither Indian Democracy?

1996 The V.I.P. cult is bane of Indian democracy.

1996 Need for transparency in Public Administration. 

1997 What we have not learnt during fifty years of independence. 

1997 Judicial activism. 

1998 The misinterpretation and misuse of freedom in India.

2001 What have we gained from our democratic set-up?

2002 Responsibility of media in a democracy.

2003 How far has democracy in India delivered the goods?

2003 How should a civil servant conduct himself?

2004 Judicial Activism and Indian Democracy. 

2007 Evaluation of Panchayati Raj System in India from the point of view of eradication of poverty to power to people. 

2008 Role of the media in good governance. 

2009 Are we a 'soft' state? 

2011 Creation of smaller states and the consequent administrative, economic and developmental implications. 

2012 In the context of Gandhiji's views on the matter, explore, on an evolutionary scale, the terms 'Swadhinata', 'Swaraj' and 'Dharmarajya'. Critically comment on their contemporary relevance to Indian democracy. 

2014 With greater power comes greater responsibility. 

2016 Water disputes between States in federal India 

2016 Cooperative federalism : Myth or reality 

2017 Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India. 

2019 Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy 

 

Society and Culture 

1994 Indian Society at the crossroads. 

1994 Modernization and Westernization are not identical concepts. 

1998 The composite culture of India. 

1998 The language problem in India : Its past, present and prospects. 

1999 The youth culture today. 

1999 Mass media and culture invasion.

2000 Why should we be proud of being Indians?

2000 Indian culture today : a myth or a reality?

2000 Modernism and our traditional socio-ethical values.

2003 As civilization advances, culture declines.

2004 Globalisation and its impact on Indian Culture. 

2007 How has satellite television brought about cultural change in the Indian mindset? 

2008 National identity and patriotism. 

2011 Does Indian cinema shape our popular culture or merely reflect it? 

2011 In the Indian context, both human intelligence and technical intelligence are crucial in combating terrorism. 

2013 Is the Colonial mentality hindering India's success? 

2014 Is sting operation an invasion on privacy?

2017 ‘Social media’ is inherently a selfish medium. 

2018 A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both. 

2019 South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities 

2020 Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have 

2022 Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world

2022 History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man

2023 A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity.


Abstract/Philosophical/ Imaginative 

1994 Youth is a blunder, Manhood a struggle, Old age a regret. 

1994 A useless life is an early death. 

1995 When money speaks, the truth is silent. 

1995 Disinterested Intellectual curiousity is the life-blood of real civilization. 

1995 Our deeds determine us, as much as we determine our deeds. 

1996 Truth is lived, not taught. 

1996 New cults and godmen: a threat to traditional religions.

1997 True religion can not be misused.

1997 The modern doctor and his patients.

1998 The world of the twenty-first century. 

2001 The pursuit of excellence.

2002 Search for Truth can only be a spiritual problem.

2002 The paths of glory lead but to the grave.

2002 If youth knew, if age could. 

2003 There is nothing either good or bad but thinking makes it so. 

2005 The hand that rocks the cradle. 

2007 Independent thinking should be encouraged right from the childhood. 

2007 Attitude makes habit, habit makes character and character makes a man. 

2008 Discipline means success, anarchy means ruin. 

2009 "Good fences make good neighbours.”

2010 Geography may remain the same; history need not. 

2010 From traditional Indian philanthropy to the Gates- Buffett model – a natural progression or a paradigm shift? 

2013 Be the change you want to see in others– Gandhiji. 

2014 Fifty Golds in Olympics : Can this be a reality for India? 

2014 Is the growing level of competition good for the youth? 

2014 Words are sharper than the two-edged sword.

2015 Dreams which should not let India sleep.

2015 Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole.

2015 Quick but steady wins the race.

2015 Character of an institution is reflected in its leader. 

2015 Crisis faced in India – moral or economic.

2016 Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed.

2017 Joy is the simplest form of gratitude. 

2017 We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws. 

2018 A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge. 

2018 Customary Morality cannot be a guide to modern life. 

2018 The past is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values. 

2018 Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it. 

2019 Wisdom finds truth 

2019 Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be 

2019 Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society 

2019 Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success 

2020 Life is long journey between human being and being humane 

2020 Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self 

2020 Ships do not sink because of water around them, ships sink because of water that gets into them 

2020 Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication 

2021 History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce. 

2021 The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. 

2021 Your perception of me is a reflection f you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me. 

2021 Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera. 

2021 The real is rational and the rational is real. 

2021 What is research, but a blind date with knowledge!

2021 There are better practices to “best practices.” 

2022 A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for.

2022 The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining.

2022 You cannot step twice in the same river

2023 Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.

2023 Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic.

2023 Not all who wander are lost.



Science & Technology Etc.

1997 The modern doctor and his patients. 

1999 Value-based science and education.

2000 The cyberworld : its charms and challenges.

2001 The march of science and the erosion of human values.

2003 Spirituality and Scientific temper. 

2004 The Lure of Space. 

2006 Increasing computerisation would lead to the creation of a Dehumanised Society. 

2012 Science and Mysticism : Are they compatible? 

2013 Science and Technology is the panacea for the growth and security of the nation.  

2015 Technology cannot replace manpower. 

2016 Cyberspace and Internet : Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run 

2019 Rise of Artificial Intelligence ; the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling 

2020 Technology is the silent factor in international relations 



Education 

1995 Restructuring of Indian education system. 

1996 Literacy is growing very fast but there is no corresponding growth in education. 

1998 India's contribution to world wisdom. 

1999 Value-based science and education.

2001 Irrelevance of the classroom.

2002 Modern Technological Education and human values.

2002 Privatisation of Higher Education in India.

2005 What is real education? 

2006 "Education For All" campaign in India: Myth or Reality. 

2008 Is an egalitarian society possible by educating the mass. 

2011 Credit-based higher education system– status, opportunities and challengs. 

2014 Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress? 

2015 Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil. 

2017 Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms. 

 2023 Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane.

2023 Mathematics is the music of reason

2023 Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school


IR & World order Etc.

1993 The emerging Global Order, Political and Economic. 

1996 Restructuring of the U.N.O. to reflect present realities. 

2000 The implications of globalisation for India.

2001 My vision of an ideal world order.

2003 The Masks of New Imperialism.

2004 India's Role in Promoting ASEAN Co-operation.

2005 Terrorism and world peace.

2006 Importance of Indo-U.S. Nuclear Agreement.

2007 Is autonomy the best answer to combat balkanization?

2009 "Good fences make good neighbours.”

2009 'Globalism' vs. 'Nationalism'. 

2010 Preparedness of our society for India's global leadership role. 

2017 Has the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world? 

2018 Management of Indian border disputes – a complex task. 

2019 South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities 

2020 Technology is the silent factor in international relations 


Ecological and Geographical 

1997 Urbanization is a blessing in disguise.

1999 Resource management in the Indian context. 

2000 The country's need for a better disaster management system. 

2004 Water Resources should be under the control of the Central Government. 

2005 Food security for sustainable national development. 

2006 Protection of Ecology and Environment is essential for sustained economic development. 

2008 Urbanisation and its hazards. 

2010 Should a moratorium be imposed on all fresh mining in tribal areas of the country? 

2017 We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws. 

2018 Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India. 

2022 Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence




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