Haryana is a state that boasts a diverse physiography and a dynamic economy.
Physiography
- Northern Fringes: The Shivaliks form the northern edge of Haryana.
- Rivers: The Ghaggar river flows between Haryana and Punjab, while the Yamuna forms a boundary with Uttar Pradesh.
- Plains: The Ghaggar-Yamuna plains are significant for agriculture.
- Southwest Region: Characterized by a semi-desert sandy plain.
- Southern Region: The Aravallis extend into the southern part of the state.
Economy
- Minerals: Haryana has deposits of quartz and silica, which are essential for the glass industry, and limestone.
- Automobile Industry: The state is foundational to India's automobile industry, producing 60% of the country's automobiles and two-thirds of its two-wheelers¹.
- Petrochemicals: Hisar and Ambala are known for their petrochemical industries, with Hisar also notable for iron and steel production¹.
Places of Interest
- Yamunanagar: Located below it is the historic city of Kurukshetra.
- Karnal: Hosts the National Dairy Research Institute.
- Panipat: Known for its petrochemical refineries and cement industry.
- Sonipat: A hub for the glass industry.
- Gurugram and Faridabad: Satellite towns of Delhi and significant industrial centers.
Protected Areas
- Kalesar National Park: Situated in the foothills of the Shivaliks.
- Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary: Located near Chandigarh.
- Sultanpur National Park: Near Gurugram, it's a haven for birdwatchers.
Haryana's GSDP is estimated to be US$150 billion for the year 2024–25, with a GDP growth of 13% in 2020–21. The state's economy is diversified, with agriculture accounting for 21%, industry 28%, and services 51% of the GDP¹. It's also noteworthy that Haryana and Punjab together provide a significant portion of India's food security, contributing substantially to the nation's Public Distribution System.
The state's strategic location and its robust industrial and agricultural sectors make it a key player in India's economic landscape. Haryana's commitment to sustainable development is reflected in its conservation efforts and the preservation of its natural and cultural heritage.