The recent extension of the emergency in Myanmar has raised concerns in India. India has been providing humanitarian assistance to Myanmar since the coup, but its focus on Myanmar's issues has diminished over time. There have also been allegations that India is instigating violence in Manipur, which has diverted attention from Myanmar.
Communities along the border with Myanmar have defied the Home Ministry and offered shelter to refugees. The Free Movement Regime between India and Myanmar has been suspended due to concerns over illicit activities.
India's policy of engagement with Myanmar presents a paradox: commitment to democracy vs. security concerns. For example, India has announced the Sairang-Hmawngbuchhuah railway project near the Myanmar border, which aims to counter China's railway access in Myanmar. However, the United Nations Special Rapporteur has reported an increase in India's arms supply to the military since the coup.
India is facing a challenge in balancing humanitarianism and security. It needs to navigate between aiding refugees and addressing security concerns. India also needs to strike a balance between humanitarian assistance and border stability.
India is to engage with pro-democracy actors and to treat refugees with a humanitarian approach. India should avoid securitization and profiling of incoming refugees. It should also foster care, compassion, and a peaceful environment to prevent violence.
The Free Movement Regime (FMR) between India and Myanmar has been activated for people residing in villages near their 1,643 km-long border. It allows tribes living along the border on either side to travel up to 16 km inside the other country without a visa. The FMR is important for cross-border trade and cultural exchanges. It is also important for security cooperation between India and Myanmar.
India is facing a complex challenge in Myanmar. It needs to balance its commitment to democracy with its security concerns. India should continue to provide humanitarian assistance to Myanmar and engage with pro-democracy actors. It should also treat refugees with a humanitarian approach and avoid securitization. The FMR is an important tool for cross-border cooperation between India and Myanmar.